Cryogenic liquids are liquefied gases that are kept in their Liquid state at very low temperatures, The word "cryogenic" means "producing, or related to, low temperatures," and all cryogenic liquids are extremely cold. Cryogenic liquids have boiling points below -150°C (- 238°F) (Carbon Dioxide and Nitrous Oxide, which have slightly higher boiling points are sometimes included in this category). All cryogenic liquids are gases at normal temperatures and pressures. These gases must be cooled below room temperature before an increase in pressure can liquefy them. Different cryogens become liquids under different conditions of temperature and pressure, but all have two properties in common: they are extremely cold, and small amounts of liquid can expand into very large volumes of gas.

Cryogenic Liquid Products

  • Argon
  • Nitrogen
  • Oxygen
  • Helium
  • Carbon Dioxide

Packaging

Cryogenic liquids are shipped and used in thermally insulated containers. These cryogenic liquid containers are specifically designed to withstand rapid temperature changes and extreme differences in temperature. There are three major types of liquid cylinders, which are designed for dispensing: Liquid or Gas, Only Gas, and Only Liquid.

Liquid Dewar Flasks

Liquid Dewar flasks are non-pressurized, vacuum-jacketed vessels, somewhat like a "thermos bottle". They should have a loose-fitting cap or plug that prevents air and moisture from entering, yet allows excess pressure to vent. Flasks containing Helium, Hydrogen and other low-boiling liquids have an outer vessel of liquid Nitrogen for insulation.

Laboratory Liquid Dewar Flasks

Laboratory liquid Dewar flasks are small, wide-mouthed containers specifically designed for the short-term storage and handling of cryogenic liquids in laboratory environments. These dewars do not feature lids or covers, allowing quick and easy access during sample transfers, cryogenic experiments, or temporary containment of low-temperature liquids.

Liquid Cylinders

Liquid Cylinders are robust, precision-engineered containers designed for the secure storage, handling, and transport of cryogenic liquids at extremely low temperatures. Each unit is equipped with dedicated fill and dispense valves, a pressure-control valve for safe operation, and a frangible (bursting) disk as a backup safety mechanism.

Bulk Tank Distribution System
Packaging in Liquid Dewars
Cryogenic Liquid Cylinders